Cast on the number of stitches your pattern calls for, creating a foundation row on your needle. Learn the knit stitch first — insert the right needle into the front of a stitch, wrap the yarn around the needle tip, pull the loop through, and slide the old stitch off — then repeat across the row. Once comfortable, learn the purl stitch, which is worked similarly but with the yarn held in front. Combining knit and purl stitches in different patterns creates different textures, like the bumpy garter stitch (all knit rows) or the smooth stockinette stitch (alternating knit and purl rows). Keep your tension consistent by not pulling the yarn too tight or leaving it too loose, and count your stitches regularly to catch mistakes early, since an extra or missing stitch is much easier to fix a few rows back than many rows later.